The Pororoca is a tidal wave that occurs when the Atlantic ocean's tide is raised above normal levels (called tidal bore) and violently flows back up into the Amazon river rather than the other way around. The ocean's elevated tide crashes into the out flowing Amazon river creating these tidal waves.
This occurs when the Sun, Moon and Earth align linearly with each other (Syzygy) and their combined gravitational pull and energy increases their tug on the Earth and its oceans. This gravitational pull swells the ocean beyond its norm and distorts the Earths mantle. This combination of gravitational forces create the Pororoca causing water to flow into the Amazon rather than out in the form of these massive waves. |
Over a 20 year period Pluto and Charon flexed 2,300 times as they migrated into and out of perihelion cycling back and forth every 3 days, this is also the point at which the greatest degree of UV energy is imparted to Pluto.
Couple the increased UV energy due to close proximity to the Sun along with the increase in atmospheric pressure as well as the constant flexing of Pluto's crust and Pluto likely experiences some degree of increased heat energy. While nitrogen on Pluto is normally in a toothpaste consistency thickness, this potential flexing and UV heating process warms Pluto enough that nitrogen reaches its triple point and becomes an actual liquid. Consider the below scenario. |
The central point around which the Earth and Moon rotate called the barycenter is about a thousand miles from the Earth's surface or a quarter the distance to its actual center. As the Moon orbits the earth it pulls and stretches this spot.
This creates deformations in the Earths outer crust and causes volcanic eruptions. This is likely why Sputnik Planum is directly opposite Charon. SP is a location at which Pluto is ripping apart and spewing out its fluid interior just like magma does on Earth. While Pluto and Charon are tidally locked relative to each other they still orbit around the Sun in an eccentric pattern. This creates an additional pull and stretching effect when they align with the Sun just like we see with the Pororoca. While the Earth and Moon's barycenter orbits around the Sun in a near circular pattern (red circular line path), the Earth and Moon's orbit itself is a more irregular pattern (white line) as the two wobble around the barycenter. These irregularities in orbit cause a great deal of gravitational pulling and stretching which leads to cracks in the Earth opening and spewing out magma. This process also likely occurs on Pluto and Charon. |
Updates below August 11, 2016
>>>>>>>>>>>>> Lakagigar or Laki for short is a series of volcanic fissure vents that follow the Mid Atlantic ridge where the North American and Eurasian Plates are pulling apart and separating in Iceland. Look at how similar these volcanic fissure mounds look to the cryovolcanoes that run along the ridge line west of SP. |
Here's Pluto's cryovolcanoes lining the western edge of SP along with a lake that looks very much like the scene at Lakagigar in Iceland. On Earth this scene is occurring at a location where two plates are pulling apart from each other. This seems to indicate Pluto is ripping apart along the western edge of SP. Laki erupted in 1783 and caused global cooling and many deaths around the world. Benjamin Franklin reported on its effects in Europe and North America. |
In this Google maps satellite view of Laki, I've tried to orient the scene to look as close to the cryovolcanoes on Pluto as I could. vast quantities of magma flowed out of these fissures and you can see ripples and flow patterns emanating out of the Laki volcanic mounds to the left and top. On Pluto the lightly colored mounds and flowing fluid at Sputnik Planum match this scene almost identically. The magma that came out of this line of fissure is the equivalent of the nitrogen fluid on the surface of SP. The terrain surrounding the cryovolcanic fissure's on Pluto is red but immediately next to the fissures the area is dusted in white material all along the fissure line. Each fissure mound is white while the surroundings are red. |
When Laki erupted it spewed clouds of poisonous gasses into Earth's atmosphere. Pluto likely had its own version of this venting of gasses scenario spewing out from the cryovolcanoes creating an atmosphere of gasses that either heated (atmospheric pressure increase) or cooled the planet (blocked the Sun's UV). The cold temperatures surrounding Pluto would have frozen some of the gasses quickly turning them into a snow. |
Below and right is Tartarus Dorsa on Pluto with its raised wind blown frosty mud dauber like mountains which have no signs of impacts and wraps far eastwards around Pluto.
No impacts means this land is either very young or it is resurfaced frequently or it is soft enough to absorb impacts and refill quickly, in other words its very much like liquid magma on Earth. Tartarus Dorsa appears to be the area where Pluto's nitrogen (magma) is belching up from below expanding the surface creating the spider cracks or stretch marks and the scarped mountain ranges. There are also obvious lakes of nitrogen. Tartarus Dorsa and eastwards is where the magma is belching out from under the surface and Sputnik Planum is the collapsed basin. |
Now, look again at the western edge of Sputnik Planum along the eastern side of the erupted fissures. There is what appears to be a long fracture along a flat slab of land ice which is raised along its left side and lowered on its right side exactly like we see at Thingvellir Iceland. I've identified the raised broken edge with blue arrows. Don't forget SP is a basin which means the fluid is at a lower elevation than the surrounding land ice. Along the right lowered side are a series of fractured ice blocks or icebergs. The trough's in the nitrogen fluid on SP are outlines of the fractured subsurface land making this whole scene look very much like the crack at Thingvellir lake with its fractured and dropped land along with the cracks in the lake, the only difference being the Iceland fractures run more parallel and Pluto's are more polygonal. The Icelandic picture does show cellular mounds floating just above the water, one is in the foreground while the others are farther back in the image. |
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So! What does this image do to my model related to the diagonal fracture on Charon. On pages 8 and 9 and elsewhere, I suggest the southern hemisphere of Charon was knocked off and the shards ejected into space hitting Pluto creating SP while simultaneously creating the four small moons. This scene at Thingvellir lake does look surprisingly similar to the fracture on Charon. On page 9, I called this ocean erosion not a rift adrift. When you look at the entire lake at Thingvellir you can see this is not two land masses pulling apart rather this is a giant basin of land that collapsed into a hole below the crust. |
Do you remember the Burp Bulge (page 15) just west of the cryovolcanoes.
Sputnik Planum is bordered on all sides by bulging mounds like mountains while displaying fractured broken and dropped land falling into a cavity or basin where fluid resides. Pluto looks a lot like Thingvellir Iceland with all its fault line activities. This whole area is expanding, compressing, folding, stretching, bulging, cracking, collapsing and erupting from fissures and mud mounds flowing with hot (relatively) magma fluids, gasses and water like liquids. Its a caldron of boiling heaving activity. |
NASA scientist compared the crack on Charon to Valles Marinaris on Mars and the rift valley in Africa and my argument at that time was that the crack on Charon doesn't look anything like those two places and it still doesn't.
I still don't see two land masses pulling apart at Charon but this does look very much like the lake or basin at Thingvellir it also looks similar to the basin at Sputnik Planum. It appears to be an area that collapsed to fill a subsurface void and in the process created pressures that caused a fluid to well up from below. If the smooth southern hemisphere of Charon is a basin (which it appears to be) with 4 mile high walls lining its edges. Then the diagonal fracture and broken away fragments look nearly identical to what we see at Thingvellir lake. This doesn't mean chunks of land ice crust were NOT blown off Charon. It simply means that the southern hemisphere of Charon is a depression or a basin which is exactly how NASA scientists describe Sputnik Planum. |